SCREEN-BASED ACTIVITIES AMONG CHILDREN IN CROATIA: A MEDIA DIARY APPROACH

This research has two objectives: 1) examine the average daily time of screen-based activities (SBAs), the most used devices, types of SBAs, and reasons for SBAs use in children;and 2) examine differences in these aspects of SBAs regarding the age of children in Croatia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data came from 60 children's paper-and-pencil media diaries. Children on average spend more time during the day in SBAs than recommended by the literature (up to 1.5 or 2 hours). Older children spend more time in SBAs compared to younger children during the workweek. The most popular devices among children were TVs and smartphones, regardless of age. The most frequent types of children's SBAs were watching content and playing, but watching was more prevalent among younger children and playing among older children during the workweek. The most common reason for SBAs was to have fun, regardless of the children's age. All conclusions mainly apply to children from middle- to upper-socioeconomic- class families and the specific period of the COVID-19 pandemic. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Psychological & Educational Research is the property of University of Oradea Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Leisure Activities of Inhabitants of Large Cities in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction The main goal of the article is to study the structure of time spent on specific leisure activities in the COVID-19 pandemic by inhabitants of large cities in Poland (in the workweek – weekend cycle).Material and methods Time budget research, including leisure, was based on the self-reporting sheet and was conducted in December 2020 on residents of selected cities.Results The results indicate differences in the way of spending leisure time concerning social life mainly. The respondents spent most of their leisure time using mass media and the Internet. The time spent on various leisure activities also differed in terms of workweek – weekend. The structure of individual leisure time activities showed that the most common activities during workweek were watching TV and using the Internet. At weekends, the second most popular activity (after watching TV) was home meetings.Conclusions An important contribution resulting from this work is the identification and analysis of the variability of leisure activities during the pandemic.

The Great Resignation: Shifter of the Modern-Day Workweek

"The Great Resignation” which refers to the surge in resignation rates in April of 2021 is a perplexing and relativity unexplored phenomenon. With many speculating that "the great resignation” will signal a shift in the workplace and worker-employee dynamics, we must understand the factors that attributed to the record-breaking amount of people leaving the workforce. Additionally, this paper will also explore whether the four-day workweek would aid in being more people back into the workforce. Aggregated data, a linear regression model, and a theoretical model were conducted utilizing data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The data and theoretical model indicate that the increase in resignation rates is primarily due to two factors: decrease in productivity and increase in hours worked during remote working, and increases in government unemployment benefits. Given the factors leading to the great resignation, they support the notion that a four-day workweek would attract more employees to a particular company or the overall labor market. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Four-Day Workweek as Post COVID-19 Alternate Work Arrangement: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment

This study aimed to investigate the post-COVID -19 role of perceived work-life balance and organizational commitment as antecedents to intention to stay in a four-day workweek (FDWW) arrangement. Organizational commitment was hypothesized as a mediator between perceived work-life balance and perceived work engagement. A descriptive approach with a cross-sectional design was adopted for this study. PLS-SEM was used to predict the relationship amongst exogenous and endogenous constructs. Convenience sampling-the snowball method-was used for data collection;owing to COVID-19, this appeared to be the only viable method. The study conceptualized that with pandemic-induced realization about the importance and centrality of familial ties, the employees are likely to have a strong drive towards having a work-life balance. The study, therefore, investigated the significance of a four-day workweek as a post-COVID 19 alternate work arrangement. The findings from the study indicated that with the adoption of a four-day workweek, the organizations could expect greater employee commitment and intention to stay. Another dimension of the study focused on the impact of work engagement on intention to stay, mediated by organizational commitment. The study, based on f2 values, pointed towards a significant role of work engagement in predicting variance in organizational commitment. © 2022, Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Time Budget of Inhabitants of Large Cities in Poland During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction. The aim of the research is to determine the structure of the day – the time devoted to various activities – of the inhabitants of large cities in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic, taking into account the workweek-weekend cycle.Material and methods. Time budget studies – using qualitative research methods (structured interview, including self-reporting) – were conducted in December 2020 among residents of selected 9 large cities in Poland. The research was based on self-reporting by the respondents for one week. The results were analysed using three parameters: the average duration of the activity, the average time of performing the activity, the percentage of people performing the activity.Results. The daytime structure of inhabitants of large cities during the pandemic included 9.19 h (39% day time) for physiological activities, 8.30 h (36%) for duties, 5.49 h (24%) for leisure time and 0.20 h (1%) for commute. Relative to the 2013 GUS survey, there was a decrease in the amount of time spent commuting to work/school (72% decrease), physiological needs (15% decrease) and housework (15% decrease), More time than before the pandemic (51% increase in the amount of time) was devoted to work, and leisure time was spent on sports and recreation (125% increase in the amount of time) and using mass media (16%).Conclusions. COVID-19 pandemic and the associated restrictions have significantly impacted our daily lives and how we use our time.

Understanding Worker Well-Being Relative to High-Workload and Recovery Activities across a Whole Day: Pilot Testing an Ecological Momentary Assessment Technique.

Occupational health and safety is experiencing a paradigm shift from focusing only on health at the workplace toward a holistic approach and worker well-being framework that considers both work and non-work factors. Aligned with this shift, the purpose of this pilot study was to examine how, within a person, frequencies of high-workload and recovery activities from both work and non-work periods were associated with same day well-being measures. We analyzed data on 45 workers with type 1 diabetes from whom we collected activity data 5-6 times daily over 14 days. More frequent engagement in high-workload activities was associated with lower well-being on multiple measures including higher stress. Conversely, greater recovery activity frequency was mostly associated with higher well-being indicated by lower stress and higher positive affect. Overall, our results provide preliminary validity evidence for measures of high-workload and recovery activity exposure covering both work and non-work periods that can inform and support evaluations of worker well-being.